There are costs associated with providing the range of services integral to recruiting workers, including advertising and sourcing workers, processing applications, interviewing, worker documentation, skills assessment, placement, orientation, transportation – within or across borders – to the place of work and training on arrival. These costs are often passed on to jobseekers and workers, including through hidden fees and services, for example:
– Exploitative mark-ups paid to various agents, brokers and middlemen involved in the recruitment process;
– Fees for so-called optional services, which are in fact integral to the recruitment process or where workers are misled or coerced into taking out such services (e.g. health insurance and translation services);
– Security deposits or bonds, which act as ‘runaway insurance’.
Part of the International Labour Organization (ILO) Asia-Pacific Working Paper Series. Written by Lorenza Errighi, Ivanka Mamic, and Birgitte Krogh-Poulsen. In recent decades, the Thai seafood sector has expanded on a global scale by using foreig...Read More
This booklet presents an introduction to the ILO Indicators of Forced Labour. These indicators are intended to help “front-line” criminal law enforcement officials, labour inspectors, trade union officers, NGO workers and others to identify pers...Read More
The workers of the world face numerous challenges. Many debates around the future of labour, such as the rise of the so called ‘gig economy’, tend to focus on experiences and trends within the Global North. The shortcomings of the present are of...Read More
Prepared by Sanjeev Dasgupta and Ana Maria Soto, Issara Institute. According to the 2017 Global Estimates of Modern Slavery, there are about 40 million people living in modern slavery situations worldwide. The Asia-Pacific region has the highest...Read More
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