The report provides insight into how current research on purchasing practices and factory-level noncompliance can inform supply chain due diligence. Buyer purchasing practices most strongly impact working time, contracts, HR and compensation, with some evidence of impacts on occupational health and safety and minimal evidence of impacts on child labour, freedom of association and discrimination. The evidence identifies starting points for investigating the root causes for noncompliance as well as highlighting opportunities for companies to prevent adverse human rights impacts.