The unique aspects of sponsorship systems in the Middle East, commonly known as kafala, result in a delegation of responsibility by the State to the private employer to oversee both a migrant worker’s immigration and employment status. This is inherently problematic as it creates an imbalance between the rights and abilities of workers and employers to terminate an employment relationship, and be mobile on the labour market in the respective country. This paper argues that reforming the sponsorship systems in a way which disassociates a worker’s immigration status from their employer’s control, and enables a migrant worker to resign or terminate his/ her employment contract by giving reasonable notice and without losing valid immigration status, can have significant economic, social and administrative benefits. Furthermore it may contribute to progress towards nationalization programmes, the smooth functioning of the labour market, and adherence to the rule of law.
Human trafficking is a major problem in the EU and a priority for MS law enforcement agencies. Trafficking in human beings (THB) is a serious crime and an abuse of an individual’s fundamental rights and dignity. It involves the exploitation of v...Read More
According to the latest ILO global estimates, 25 million people are victims of forced labour. This issue concerns all regions in the world. UN Sustainable Development Goal 8 on Decent Work and Economic Growth includes a target 8.7 for which the inte...Read More
This analysis of modern slavery statements focuses on changes in reporting and practice in addressing forced labour and human trafficking. Some key findings Under the UK Modern Slavery Act 2015, companies with a financial turnover of over £3...Read More
Methodology This report is based on interviews with 141 children ages 7 to 17 who said they had worked in tobacco farming in the United States in 2012 or 2013. During multiple field research trips between May and October 2013, Human Rights Watch ...Read More
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