The purpose of the paper is to examine the relationship between recruitment fees and other abusive and fraudulent practices of recruitment agencies and trafficking in persons, with a particular focus on criminal justice measures to address this relationship. While there have been numerous incidents of abusive recruitment practices and subsequent labour exploitation reported in all parts of the world, little is known about how states respond to the phenomenon and whether they use their anti-trafficking legislation to prosecute persons involved in such re- cruitment practices. The paper examines the state practice with a view to highlighting lessons learned and providing recommendations on how to adequately respond to the issue.
Trafficking in human beings is a serious crime and a grave violation of fundamental rights. Combatting it is a priority for the European Union1. Article 20 of Directive 2011/36/EU2 foresees a two-yearly report on the progress made in the fight ...Read More
Digital platforms have often been celebrated for allowing equal opportunities for public self-expression, regardless of one’s identity and status. Yet, not everyone is welcome in the cyberspace. The digital arena has become a breeding ground fo...Read More
A growing number of global brands and retailers are adopting ethical recruitment policies stipulating, among other things, that all costs and fees related to labour recruitment are paid by the employer and not by the workers being recruited. Employe...Read More
Child domestic work is a hidden form of child labour driven by poverty and social norms. However, little is known about the situations of child domestic workers. This study aims to describe and analyse gender-specific working conditions, health, and...Read More
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