This briefing builds on the understanding that labour exploitation is part of a spectrum ranging from labour compliance through to labour law violations, culminating at extreme exploitation in the form of forced labour. Research by FLEX and others s...Read More

The globalisation of supply chains, facilitated by technologicaldevelopments and spurred by firm’s attempts to maximise profitsthrough lower labour costs, shorter lead times and weaker labourprotections in developing countries, has contributed to ...Read More

In Nicaragua, coffee is mainly produced on small-scale farms where temporary or seasonal work, weak remuneration, subcontracting, migrant workers, and child labor are likely to exist. In recent years, corporate social responsibility (CSR) activitie...Read More

Child labour has long been a feature of economic life in the Arab region, particularly in agriculture, small traditional craft shops, and informal industries such as garment and carpet making, as well as some construction-related activities. Childre...Read More