Narratives of commercial gestational surrogacy (CGS) as ‘baby-selling’ often conflate or interchange the transfer of children born via surrogacy with trafficking in children or the sale of children, two sometimes overlapping but nonetheless distinct offenses. Moreover, anti-trafficking laws have been used to police cross border CGS. But when do CGS arrangements fall within the category of legitimate ‘reproductive tourism’ and when do they amount to child trafficking? In this paper I critically explore intersections between human trafficking laws and CGS, vis-à-vis the child, charting the relevant trafficking laws in the context of international surrogacy, and analysing whether trafficking laws are an appropriate mechanism through which to regulate CGS. I conclude that while child trafficking might occur via surrogacy, CGS in itself is not child trafficking under international law.
This guidance is for the Horticulture, Fruit and Vegetable sector. It comes into effect immediately and extends until further notice. Guidance will be reviewed on a regular basis in line with the regular three weekly review of lockdown requirements....Read More
This Annual Report focuses on the steps the UK Government, the Scottish Government and the Northern Ireland Executive have taken in 2017 to combat modern slavery, including human trafficking.
Our Help Wanted Primer articulates the risk to multinational companies of forced labour and resulting debt-bondage caused by labour recruitment, and identifies the places within a company’s sourcing practices where recruiters present a reputational...Read More
Many valuable, but often fragmented models are currently used in the fight against human trafficking. Building from the themes raised in a five-part webinar series hosted by Freedom Collaborative last fall, this paper argues that data should be used...Read More
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