The Modern Slavery Act 2015 (“the Act”) is a ground-breaking piece of legislation. Four years after it received Royal Assent, and as other countries are following our lead and developing similar legislation, it is critical to consider the legal application of the Act. In particular, this Review has looked at the definition of exploitation under the Act and considered whether it is sufficiently flexible to allow for new and emerging forms of slavery and human trafficking to be captured. It has also looked in more detail at two provisions created by the Act: Slavery and Trafficking Reparation Orders and the statutory defence.