The unique aspects of sponsorship systems in the Middle East, commonly known as kafala, result in a delegation of responsibility by the State to the private employer to oversee both a migrant worker’s immigration and employment status. This is inherently problematic as it creates an imbalance between the rights and abilities of workers and employers to terminate an employment relationship, and be mobile on the labour market in the respective country. This paper argues that reforming the sponsorship systems in a way which disassociates a worker’s immigration status from their employer’s control, and enables a migrant worker to resign or terminate his/ her employment contract by giving reasonable notice and without losing valid immigration status, can have significant economic, social and administrative benefits. Furthermore it may contribute to progress towards nationalization programmes, the smooth functioning of the labour market, and adherence to the rule of law.
When asked the importance of the following social and environmental issues at a personal level, over four fifths (87%) of financial services employees rate modern slavery and human trafficking as important. ...Read More
This joint report aims to gather and share the lessons learnt through the implementation of CARE and TACT projects, which objectives are to enhance the safe and sustainable return and reintegration process of returning victims of trafficking. The re...Read More
This year’s General Report zooms in on the impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on trafficking in human beings. Countries monitored by GRETA have reported an increased use of ICT for recruiting and controlling victims of traffi...Read More
The People’s Republic of China (PRC) has instituted an unprecedented system of state-sponsored forced la- bor for Uyghur, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and other minoritized citizens in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (or XUAR or Uyghur Region, also known...Read More
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