The unique aspects of sponsorship systems in the Middle East, commonly known as kafala, result in a delegation of responsibility by the State to the private employer to oversee both a migrant worker’s immigration and employment status. This is inherently problematic as it creates an imbalance between the rights and abilities of workers and employers to terminate an employment relationship, and be mobile on the labour market in the respective country. This paper argues that reforming the sponsorship systems in a way which disassociates a worker’s immigration status from their employer’s control, and enables a migrant worker to resign or terminate his/ her employment contract by giving reasonable notice and without losing valid immigration status, can have significant economic, social and administrative benefits. Furthermore it may contribute to progress towards nationalization programmes, the smooth functioning of the labour market, and adherence to the rule of law.
Edited by Prabha Kotiswaran and Sam Okyere. This is the third volume of the series Beyond Trafficking and Slavery Short Course. The articles in this volume outline and critically interrogate the role of the state, national legislation and in...Read More
COVID-19 has put under the spotlight the fast fashion industry in Leicester East, and its exploitation of thousands of (mostly immigrant) workers. Exploitation that ranges from unsafe working conditions through to slavery; from staff being paid belo...Read More
In-depth research carried out by Verité has found that Latin American countries export staggering amounts of illegally mined gold, which is tied to human trafficking, as well as legal and reputational risk for major companies with gold in their su...Read More
This global systematic review explored the published and grey literature about the sexual exploitation of boys. Findings from 69 qualifying publications from 37 countries around the world are reviewed. The report presents common characteristics acro...Read More
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