Workers are recruited via unlicensed third-party agencies. Use of unlicensed third-party agencies increases the risk of labor exploitation.
Workers pay for recruitment, employment or repatriation fees. Costs associated with employment can place workers in debt bondage.
Workers receive unclear or unintelligible contracts. Contracts without clear terms place workers at risk of exploitation.
Workers are required to hand over identity or work documents. Retaining documents stops workers from moving freely or seeking new employment.
The handbook is the result of years of cooperation between Frontex, border guards, non-governmental agencies and international organisations such as United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and International Organization for Migration (...Read More
The data in this report represents signals and cases from January 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019 and is accurate as of July 30, 2020. Cases of trafficking may be ongoing or new information may revealed to the National Hotline over time. Consequen...Read More
This report, entitled, ‘Prevention of adult sexual and labour exploitation in the UK: What does or could work?’ is a Modern Slavery and Human Rights Policy and Evidence Centre (the Modern Slavery PEC) research project. It was developed ...Read More
In 2021, the number of people referred to the UK Government’s system of identification and support, the National Referral Mechanism (NRM), stood at 12,727. Of those, only 2,866 were given a Positive Conclusive Grounds decision, conf...Read More
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