Workers are recruited via unlicensed third-party agencies. Use of unlicensed third-party agencies increases the risk of labor exploitation.
Workers pay for recruitment, employment or repatriation fees. Costs associated with employment can place workers in debt bondage.
Workers receive unclear or unintelligible contracts. Contracts without clear terms place workers at risk of exploitation.
Workers are required to hand over identity or work documents. Retaining documents stops workers from moving freely or seeking new employment.
This work is part of a series of Forced Labour Evidence Briefs that seek to bring academic research to bear on calls to address the root causes of the phenomenon in global supply chains and catalyse systemic change. To do so, the Briefs consolidate ...Read More
National referral mechanisms (NRMs) are the institutional mechanisms that help states identify human trafficking victims and ensure their protection. This handbook provides a guidance model which all OSCE participating States can adapt and apply wit...Read More
Stakeholders and individuals can take action and make a difference for children in 2021. To find out how to make an Action Pledge, share your journey, and scale up, browse this Practical Guide. Flip through this guide to find examples of 2021 Act...Read More
This report presents the results of a study into the nature and scale of OSEC in the Philippines. This study was led by IJM, in partnership with the Philippine Government and a variety of stakeholders, under the U.S.-Philippine Child Protection Comp...Read More
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